说“副” -知识点滴-菊坛文萃-戏曲艺术

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京剧演员原分十行:、副,、杂、武、流。其中,“副”是“里子”,二路活儿。但在昆剧当中,“副”行分得更细一些。一是在“净”行中,有正净副净之分;一是在“丑”行中,有丑、副之别。互分家门,不能混淆。

昆剧的“副净”称为“白面”的有“冠带”与“邋遢”两种。“冠带白面”是扮严嵩、董卓、秦桧等大官僚,气派很大。“邋遢白面”扮的则是禁子、差官之流,身份较低,又常有逗人发笑之处;因此,常与“丑”行相提并论。昆剧“传”字辈老艺人中,净行演员有沈传锟、薛传钢等;而“邋遢白面”则大都由邵传镛、周传铮等扮演。

“副”(二面)与“丑”(小面)也是有区别的。“副”的脸上涂的白粉多一些,扮演的角色,如张文远、西门庆、汤勤、李固等,大都是作恶多端的坏蛋。“丑”的脸上涂的白粉少一些,扮演的多数是比较善良、风趣的小人物,如疯僧、时迁、万春等。

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